Carrington rotations
Convert a date to its Carrington rotation number and back, and browse rotation start and end times.
CR 534
| Start | August 29, 1893 at 01:50 PM UTC |
|---|---|
| End | September 25, 1893 at 08:14 PM UTC |
| Length (days) | 27.27 |
Neighbouring rotations
| CR | Start | End | Length (days) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 529 | April 15, 1893 at 11:35 AM UTC | May 12, 1893 at 05:20 PM UTC | 27.24 |
| 530 | May 12, 1893 at 05:20 PM UTC | June 8, 1893 at 10:18 PM UTC | 27.21 |
| 531 | June 8, 1893 at 10:18 PM UTC | July 6, 1893 at 03:02 AM UTC | 27.20 |
| 532 | July 6, 1893 at 03:02 AM UTC | August 2, 1893 at 08:06 AM UTC | 27.21 |
| 533 | August 2, 1893 at 08:06 AM UTC | August 29, 1893 at 01:50 PM UTC | 27.24 |
| 534 | August 29, 1893 at 01:50 PM UTC | September 25, 1893 at 08:14 PM UTC | 27.27 |
| 535 | September 25, 1893 at 08:14 PM UTC | October 23, 1893 at 03:09 AM UTC | 27.29 |
| 536 | October 23, 1893 at 03:09 AM UTC | November 19, 1893 at 10:27 AM UTC | 27.30 |
| 537 | November 19, 1893 at 10:27 AM UTC | December 16, 1893 at 06:07 PM UTC | 27.32 |
| 538 | December 16, 1893 at 06:07 PM UTC | January 13, 1894 at 02:09 AM UTC | 27.33 |
| 539 | January 13, 1894 at 02:09 AM UTC | February 9, 1894 at 10:20 AM UTC | 27.34 |
About this tool
A Carrington rotation is the time the Sun takes to turn once on its axis as seen from the Earth: 27.2753 days on average. The count was defined by the English astronomer Richard Carrington, who studied sunspots in the 1850s; rotation 1 began on 9 November 1853, and the numbering has run without interruption since.
Explorer computes the start of each rotation with the formula given by Jean Meeus in Astronomical Algorithms (chapter 29), implemented in its own astronomy library and checked against published dates. A rotation begins when the Carrington longitude L₀ of the central meridian passes through 0°; because the Earth moves along its orbit, the synodic period varies slightly around the mean, hence lengths of 27.2 to 27.3 days.
Observers use the rotation number as a calendar for the Sun: an active region that crosses the disc reappears about one rotation later, and the community activity heatmap shows one row per rotation so that returning regions line up. Enter a date to find its rotation, or a number to get the UTC start and end dates and the neighbouring rotations.