Carrington rotations
Convert a date to its Carrington rotation number and back, and browse rotation start and end times.
CR 4420
| Start | November 9, 2183 at 03:24 AM UTC |
|---|---|
| End | December 6, 2183 at 10:51 AM UTC |
| Length (days) | 27.31 |
Neighbouring rotations
| CR | Start | End | Length (days) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4415 | June 25, 2183 at 09:28 PM UTC | July 23, 2183 at 02:17 AM UTC | 27.20 |
| 4416 | July 23, 2183 at 02:17 AM UTC | August 19, 2183 at 07:37 AM UTC | 27.22 |
| 4417 | August 19, 2183 at 07:37 AM UTC | September 15, 2183 at 01:39 PM UTC | 27.25 |
| 4418 | September 15, 2183 at 01:39 PM UTC | October 12, 2183 at 08:18 PM UTC | 27.28 |
| 4419 | October 12, 2183 at 08:18 PM UTC | November 9, 2183 at 03:24 AM UTC | 27.30 |
| 4420 | November 9, 2183 at 03:24 AM UTC | December 6, 2183 at 10:51 AM UTC | 27.31 |
| 4421 | December 6, 2183 at 10:51 AM UTC | January 2, 2184 at 06:41 PM UTC | 27.33 |
| 4422 | January 2, 2184 at 06:41 PM UTC | January 30, 2184 at 02:49 AM UTC | 27.34 |
| 4423 | January 30, 2184 at 02:49 AM UTC | February 26, 2184 at 10:58 AM UTC | 27.34 |
| 4424 | February 26, 2184 at 10:58 AM UTC | March 24, 2184 at 06:39 PM UTC | 27.32 |
| 4425 | March 24, 2184 at 06:39 PM UTC | April 21, 2184 at 01:25 AM UTC | 27.28 |
About this tool
A Carrington rotation is the time the Sun takes to turn once on its axis as seen from the Earth: 27.2753 days on average. The count was defined by the English astronomer Richard Carrington, who studied sunspots in the 1850s; rotation 1 began on 9 November 1853, and the numbering has run without interruption since.
Explorer computes the start of each rotation with the formula given by Jean Meeus in Astronomical Algorithms (chapter 29), implemented in its own astronomy library and checked against published dates. A rotation begins when the Carrington longitude L₀ of the central meridian passes through 0°; because the Earth moves along its orbit, the synodic period varies slightly around the mean, hence lengths of 27.2 to 27.3 days.
Observers use the rotation number as a calendar for the Sun: an active region that crosses the disc reappears about one rotation later, and the community activity heatmap shows one row per rotation so that returning regions line up. Enter a date to find its rotation, or a number to get the UTC start and end dates and the neighbouring rotations.