Carrington rotations
Convert a date to its Carrington rotation number and back, and browse rotation start and end times.
CR 1694
| Start | April 15, 1980 at 03:04 AM UTC |
|---|---|
| End | May 12, 1980 at 08:54 AM UTC |
| Length (days) | 27.24 |
Neighbouring rotations
| CR | Start | End | Length (days) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1689 | November 30, 1979 at 12:21 PM UTC | December 27, 1979 at 08:09 PM UTC | 27.32 |
| 1690 | December 27, 1979 at 08:09 PM UTC | January 24, 1980 at 04:15 AM UTC | 27.34 |
| 1691 | January 24, 1980 at 04:15 AM UTC | February 20, 1980 at 12:25 PM UTC | 27.34 |
| 1692 | February 20, 1980 at 12:25 PM UTC | March 18, 1980 at 08:11 PM UTC | 27.32 |
| 1693 | March 18, 1980 at 08:11 PM UTC | April 15, 1980 at 03:04 AM UTC | 27.29 |
| 1694 | April 15, 1980 at 03:04 AM UTC | May 12, 1980 at 08:54 AM UTC | 27.24 |
| 1695 | May 12, 1980 at 08:54 AM UTC | June 8, 1980 at 01:54 PM UTC | 27.21 |
| 1696 | June 8, 1980 at 01:54 PM UTC | July 5, 1980 at 06:38 PM UTC | 27.20 |
| 1697 | July 5, 1980 at 06:38 PM UTC | August 1, 1980 at 11:40 PM UTC | 27.21 |
| 1698 | August 1, 1980 at 11:40 PM UTC | August 29, 1980 at 05:21 AM UTC | 27.24 |
| 1699 | August 29, 1980 at 05:21 AM UTC | September 25, 1980 at 11:42 AM UTC | 27.26 |
About this tool
A Carrington rotation is the time the Sun takes to turn once on its axis as seen from the Earth: 27.2753 days on average. The count was defined by the English astronomer Richard Carrington, who studied sunspots in the 1850s; rotation 1 began on 9 November 1853, and the numbering has run without interruption since.
Explorer computes the start of each rotation with the formula given by Jean Meeus in Astronomical Algorithms (chapter 29), implemented in its own astronomy library and checked against published dates. A rotation begins when the Carrington longitude L₀ of the central meridian passes through 0°; because the Earth moves along its orbit, the synodic period varies slightly around the mean, hence lengths of 27.2 to 27.3 days.
Observers use the rotation number as a calendar for the Sun: an active region that crosses the disc reappears about one rotation later, and the community activity heatmap shows one row per rotation so that returning regions line up. Enter a date to find its rotation, or a number to get the UTC start and end dates and the neighbouring rotations.