Carrington rotations
Convert a date to its Carrington rotation number and back, and browse rotation start and end times.
CR 1234
| Start | December 8, 1945 at 07:10 AM UTC |
|---|---|
| End | January 4, 1946 at 03:04 PM UTC |
| Length (days) | 27.33 |
Neighbouring rotations
| CR | Start | End | Length (days) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1229 | July 24, 1945 at 10:04 PM UTC | August 21, 1945 at 03:32 AM UTC | 27.23 |
| 1230 | August 21, 1945 at 03:32 AM UTC | September 17, 1945 at 09:42 AM UTC | 27.26 |
| 1231 | September 17, 1945 at 09:42 AM UTC | October 14, 1945 at 04:27 PM UTC | 27.28 |
| 1232 | October 14, 1945 at 04:27 PM UTC | November 10, 1945 at 11:37 PM UTC | 27.30 |
| 1233 | November 10, 1945 at 11:37 PM UTC | December 8, 1945 at 07:10 AM UTC | 27.31 |
| 1234 | December 8, 1945 at 07:10 AM UTC | January 4, 1946 at 03:04 PM UTC | 27.33 |
| 1235 | January 4, 1946 at 03:04 PM UTC | January 31, 1946 at 11:14 PM UTC | 27.34 |
| 1236 | January 31, 1946 at 11:14 PM UTC | February 28, 1946 at 07:20 AM UTC | 27.34 |
| 1237 | February 28, 1946 at 07:20 AM UTC | March 27, 1946 at 02:51 PM UTC | 27.31 |
| 1238 | March 27, 1946 at 02:51 PM UTC | April 23, 1946 at 09:25 PM UTC | 27.27 |
| 1239 | April 23, 1946 at 09:25 PM UTC | May 21, 1946 at 02:56 AM UTC | 27.23 |
About this tool
A Carrington rotation is the time the Sun takes to turn once on its axis as seen from the Earth: 27.2753 days on average. The count was defined by the English astronomer Richard Carrington, who studied sunspots in the 1850s; rotation 1 began on 9 November 1853, and the numbering has run without interruption since.
Explorer computes the start of each rotation with the formula given by Jean Meeus in Astronomical Algorithms (chapter 29), implemented in its own astronomy library and checked against published dates. A rotation begins when the Carrington longitude L₀ of the central meridian passes through 0°; because the Earth moves along its orbit, the synodic period varies slightly around the mean, hence lengths of 27.2 to 27.3 days.
Observers use the rotation number as a calendar for the Sun: an active region that crosses the disc reappears about one rotation later, and the community activity heatmap shows one row per rotation so that returning regions line up. Enter a date to find its rotation, or a number to get the UTC start and end dates and the neighbouring rotations.